Entity
Helicase
Enzyme that separates the two DNA strands by breaking the hydrogen bonds between bases.
It is a motor enzyme that uses the energy of ATP hydrolysis to separate the two DNA strands, breaking the hydrogen bonds between complementary nitrogenous bases.
Its activity opens the replication fork and exposes the template strands so that other replisome proteins can act on them. Many helicase families exist, some of which also participate in DNA repair and recombination, and their mutations are linked to human diseases.
The video explains that it generates the tension that DNA gyrase must release, by separating the strands, breaking the hydrogen bonds between nitrogenous bases, and thereby forming the replication fork. It also notes that Werner syndrome arises from mutations in a gene encoding a protein of this family.
Relations
- Helicase → opens the fork in → DNA replication
Evidence
Sources · original ES transcript
- The Rule Behind All Life | The Central Dogma5:24
La helicasa, que separa las cadenas rompiendo los enlaces de hidrógeno entre las bases nitrogenadas
- The Rule Behind All Life | The Central Dogma5:24
- Helicase → its mutation causes → Werner syndrome
Evidence
Sources · original ES transcript
- The Rule Behind All Life | The Central Dogma8:26
mutaciones en el gen Werner, encargado de producir la proteína Werner de la familia de las helicasas.
- The Rule Behind All Life | The Central Dogma8:26
Sources · original ES transcript
- The Rule Behind All Life | The Central Dogma5:21
Pero ¿quién genera esa tensión? La helicasa, que separa las cadenas rompiendo los enlaces de hidrógeno entre las bases nitrogenadas, y al abrirlas forma esta estructura: la horquilla de replicación.
- The Rule Behind All Life | The Central Dogma8:26
El síndrome de Werner es una rara enfermedad genética que provoca envejecimiento prematuro debido a las mutaciones en el gen Werner, encargado de producir la proteína Werner de la familia de las helicasas.